Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the joints gradually wears down, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. Although OA can affect any joint in the body, it most commonly impacts the knees, hips, hands, and feet—particularly the joints in the toes and ankles.

Causes of Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis develops over time due to the gradual breakdown of cartilage, but several factors can contribute to its onset:

• Age – The risk of OA increases with age as joint wear and tear accumulate.
• Genetics – A family history of arthritis may increase susceptibility.
• Joint Injuries – Previous injuries or repetitive stress on joints can accelerate cartilage deterioration.
• Obesity – Excess weight puts additional strain on weight-bearing joints, such as the knees and feet.
• Poor Foot Mechanics – Structural foot problems or improper footwear can contribute to joint stress and OA progression.

Symptoms of Osteoarthritis

The symptoms of osteoarthritis vary depending on the affected joints but often include:

• Joint pain – Aching or sharp pain that worsens with movement.
• Stiffness – Especially noticeable in the morning or after periods of inactivity.
• Swelling – Inflammation and tenderness around the affected joints.
• Reduced range of motion – Difficulty moving the joint through its full range.
• Joint deformity – In severe cases, bony growths (bone spurs) may form, causing visible changes in the joint structure.

How is Osteoarthritis Diagnosed?

At Professional Podiatry Services of New York, our podiatrists diagnose osteoarthritis using:

• Physical examinations to assess pain, swelling, and range of motion.
• X-rays to detect cartilage loss, bone spurs, and joint space narrowing.
• MRI scans for a more detailed look at joint damage if necessary.

Treatment Options for Osteoarthritis

While osteoarthritis cannot be reversed, several treatment strategies can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life:

Lifestyle Modifications

• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the joints.
• Engage in low-impact exercises such as swimming or walking to strengthen muscles and improve flexibility.
• Wear supportive footwear and orthotics to enhance foot alignment and reduce joint pressure.

Medications

• Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs to manage pain and inflammation.
• Topical creams and gels containing anti-inflammatory ingredients.
• Corticosteroid injections to provide temporary relief for severe pain and swelling.

Advanced Treatment Options

• Physical therapy to improve joint function and muscle strength.
• Custom orthotics to support proper foot positioning and reduce stress on the joints.
• Surgical intervention in severe cases where conservative treatments are ineffective. Options may include joint realignment procedures or joint replacement surgery.

When to See a Podiatrist

If osteoarthritis is limiting your ability to walk, stand, or perform daily activities, it's time to seek professional care. At Professional Podiatry Services of New York, we specialize in diagnosing and treating foot and ankle osteoarthritis to help patients regain mobility and live pain-free.

Schedule an Appointment Today

Don't let osteoarthritis hold you back. Contact Professional Podiatry Services of New York at (718) 331-1100 or visit us at 1501 W 6th St Suite 1A, Brooklyn, NY 11204. Learn more about our services at www.newyorkfootandankle.com.

Take the first step toward healthier joints today!